Our Man in Havana, written by Graham Greene and published in 1958, is one of the funniest and best spy novels ever written.
Our Man in Havana: Title
The title uses a classic title archetype, the Protagonist, being a reference to Wormold, who MI6 think is ‘their man in Havana’.
(For more on titles, see How to Choose a Title For Your Novel)
Our Man in Havana: Logline
In 1950’s Cuba, a vacuum cleaner salesman, needing money to fund his daughter’s extravagant lifestyle, sells fake intelligence to MI6, drawing Soviet attention. When they decide to eliminate him, he invents a convoluted plot to save himself and his daughter.
(For more on loglines see The Killogator Logline Formula)
Our Man in Havana: Plot Summary
Warning: my reviews contain spoilers. Major spoilers are blacked out like this [blackout]secret[/blackout]. To view them, just select/highlight them.
It’s the 1950s. James Wormold is a British vacuum cleaner salesman in Cuba, who can’t say no to his beautiful but wilful daughter, Milly. Her extravagances are driving him to bankruptcy, so, when an MI6 agent, Hawthorne, approaches him with an offer of spy work, he accepts and receives the code name 59200/5.
Unfortunately, he has no useful information, so, desperate for money, he makes up intelligence based on newspaper reports, which the British fall for. Seeing an opportunity, Wormold takes names from a list of country club members and invents an imaginary network of sources, all of whom need paying.
Knowing that the British will lose interest unless he spices his reports up, Wormold sends sketches of vacuum cleaner parts, claiming they’re a secret communist base in the mountains. In London nobody except Hawthorne, who knows Wormold sells vacuum cleaners, doubts the report, and Hawthorne doesn’t report his suspicions.
Excited at the new intelligence, MI6 send Wormold a radio operator, Beatrice, who Wormold has to keep away from his imaginary sources, who now include a professor, an airline pilot and the Minister of Defence’s mistress.
Spinning the Plates
Then a person whose name Wormold has used for one of his imaginary sources dies in what looks like a car accident. It seems that the KGB has somehow got Wormold’s name and the names of his supposed sources. Wormold tries to warn some of the unwitting ‘sources’ causing even more confusion. This leads to Wormold discovering that the KGB has forced his friend Dr. Hasselbacher to decode Wormold’s reports to London. However, the KGB’s action means that MI6 now has no doubts about Wormold.
MI6 learn a KGB operative is going to poison Wormold at a lunch where he’s speaking. Wormold goes to the lunch, where he meets Dr. Hasselbacher and a man named Carter offers him a drink…
Wormold [blackout]knocks over the glass, and the liquid is then drunk by a dog, which dies. Angry at his failure to kill Wormold, Carter kills Dr. Hasselbacher.[/blackout]
The Torturable
Meanwhile, Captain Segura, [blackout]a Cuban secret policeman, is in love with Milly and wishes to marry her. He also claims to have a list of all the spies in Havana. Wormold decides to steal the list to keep in with MI6. To do so, he suggests a game of draughts using miniature liqueurs as pieces – each taken piece taken has to be drunk at once. Segura gets drunk and falls asleep. Wormold steals his gun and photographs the agent list.[/blackout]
In revenge [blackout]for the murder of Dr. Hasselbacher, Wormold plans to kill Carter with Segura’s pistol. He takes Carter to see the nightlife of Havana, shoots, misses, changes his mind and tries to leave. Carter shoots back and in the gunfight Wormold kills him.[/blackout]
Segura [blackout]has Wormold deported. To avoid embarrassment MI6 offer him a post at headquarters and an OBE. Even the photograph of the agent list turns out to be useless. Wormold and Beatrice confess their love for each other, and Milly approves.[/blackout]
(For more on summarising stories, see How to Write a Novel Synopsis)
Our Man in Havana: Analysis
Plot
Our Man in Havana has a Mission plot (see Spy Novel Plots), though a rather unusual one, due to it being a comedy and the mission being subverted by Wormold – almost turning it into an On The Run plot as he tries to avoid exposure and assassination.
The ‘Mission’ Plot
The Protagonist:
- Is given a mission to carry out by their Mentor.
- Will be opposed by the Antagonist as they try to complete the mission.
- Makes a plan to complete the Mission.
- Trains and gathers resources for the Mission.
- Involves one or more Allies in their Mission (Optionally, there is a romance sub-plot with one of the Allies).
- Attempts to carry out the Mission, dealing with further Allies and Enemies as they meet them.
- Is betrayed by an Ally or the Mentor (optionally).
- Narrowly avoids capture by the Antagonist (or is captured and escapes).
- Has a final confrontation with the Antagonist and completes (or fails to complete) the Mission.
Style
Our Man in Havana is a satirical novel about the absurdities of espionage and in particular the problems caused when fabrication of intelligence by sources meets uncritical evaluation in intelligence agencies.
Graham Greene has a great writing style and Our Man in Havana drips with wit and sardonic one liners. But at the same time the tragedy of the story is believable. Wormold blunders through the plot, only just keeping all the plates spinning as he tries to extricate himself somehow from the mess he has got himself into with the KGB, MI6 and the Cuban secret police.
My favourite comic scene is where the British are discussing the ‘secret communist base in the mountains’, which is really just sketches of vacuum cleaner parts.
‘It couldn’t be a vacuum cleaner, sir. Not a vacuum cleaner.’
‘Fiendish, isn’t it?’ the chief said… ‘I believe we may be on to something so big that the H-bomb will become a conventional weapon.’
There’s also lots of quick-fire dialogue, particularly between Wormold, Milly and Beatrice.
Is that Cifuentes [one of the imaginary agents]? Beatrice asked sharply.
‘Yes’
‘But you said he was sixty-five.’
‘He looks young for his age.’
‘And you said he had a paunch.’
But the story doesn’t descend into a farce of the Spies Like Us type, thanks to occasional sharp reminders like this one as Captain Segura reminds Wormold of his power as head of the secret police:
‘Be careful, Mr Wormold. He is one of the torturable.’
They both laughed, drinking daiquiris. It is easy to laugh at the idea of torture on a sunny day.
Fabrication
Fabrication of information is a perennial problem for intelligence agencies. It’s also the subject of one of the short stories in Ashenden, which was based on Somerset Maugham’s experiences as an MI6 agent during World War One.
Graham Greene loosely based Our Man in Havana on his experiences as an MI6 officer in Portugal during World War Two, where Britain ran many agents sending the Germans disinformation. As the double-agents invented more and more sub-agents to enable them to send a wider range of disinformation, the Germans seemed to become more trusting.
Originally, Greene was going to base his story directly on his wartime experience, but he realised that moving it to Cuba during the Cold War made the threat less immediate, the story more lighthearted and the satire more effective.
Reality: Intelligence Fabrication
During World War Two, one of the most effective British spies was a Spaniard called Juan Pujol García, more commonly known as ‘Garbo’. He, and his imaginary network of twenty-seven fictional sub-agents, tricked the Germans into keeping their forces away from the crucial battlefront in Normandy by making up a story that the main invasion was to be in the Pas de Calais and Normandy was just a feint. For more details see Double Cross – How a British Spy called Garbo saved D-Day.
Our Man in Havana: Alternative Cover
Vacuum cleaner parts, bottles of whiskey and photography go to make up an unusual alternative cover.
Our Man in Havana: My Verdict
I loved this book. It’s a pleasure to read, and parts of it are just hilarious.
Our Man in Havana: The Movie
A movie of Our Man in Havana was released in 1959, directed by Carol Reed and starring Alec Guinness. The film is faithful to the novel, making only minor changes and adding some broader comic moments.
Here’s the trailer:
Want to Read it?
Our Man in Havana is available on US Amazon here, and UK Amazon here.
The movie is available on US Amazon here, and UK Amazon here.
Agree? Disagree?
If you’d like to discuss anything in my Our Man in Havana review, please email me. Otherwise, please feel free to share it using the buttons below.
Discover more from Graeme Shimmin
Subscribe to get the latest posts sent to your email.
